In the brain, aging is mainly associated with a decline in attention, memory, and other cognitive functions as well as an overall delay in the different steps of cognitive information processing: (i) input and coding, (ii) central processing, and (iii) decision of response and output. We also highlight the accumulating evidence on age-related EEG/MEG changes and biological markers of brain neurodegeneration, including genetic factors, structural abnormalities on magnetic resonance images, and the biochemical changes associated with Aβ deposition and tau pathology.Īging is a physiological process that affects all body tissues. This review addresses healthy and pathological brain aging from a neurophysiological perspective, focusing on oscillatory activity changes during the resting state, event-related potentials and stimulus-induced oscillatory responses during cognitive or motor tasks, functional connectivity between brain regions, and changes in signal complexity. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying AD are not fully elucidated. It is well known that age is a major risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and that synaptic dysfunction represents an early sign of this disease associated with hallmark neuropathological findings. Since electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are able to measure neural activity directly with a high temporal resolution of milliseconds, these neurophysiological techniques are particularly important to investigate the dynamics of brain activity underlying neurocognitive aging. Several neuroimaging methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and near-infrared spectroscopy have been used to explore healthy and pathological aging by relying on hemodynamic or metabolic changes that occur in response to brain activity. Sleep.Healthy aging is associated with impairment in cognitive information processing. 0084 Napping in the morning is associated with risk of Alzheimer’s dementia in older adults. Whether restricting morning napping would reduce the risk of cognitive decline requires further studies. Napping during the morning was associated with greater risk of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease compared to napping later in the day. However, this study highlights the significance of nap time in the risk of dementia. The duration of naps in day time increases with advancing age. However, this association was not observed for naps at other times of the day HR for naps during noon time was 1.02 for early afternoon, it was 1.28 for late afternoon and early evening, HR was 0.62. However, this association was seen to diminish after adjusting for BMI, total duration and frequency of the naps, and intradaily variability in rhythms (HR 1.71). Women who napped between 9 and 11 am were at greater risk (HR 2.22) vs men (HR 1.01). Those who napped in the morning were 2-folds more at risk of Alzheimer’s dementia compared to those who took their naps at other times with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.93. The mean time to develop Alzheimer’s dementia was 6.34 years. The nap times were categorized as morning (9-11am), noon (11am-1pm), early afternoon (1-3pm), late afternoon (3-5pm) and early evening (5-7pm).ĭuring the follow-up period, 30% of the participants were diagnosed with Alzheimers dementia. All the participants wore an accelerometer to measure activity. They were followed up for a mean period of ~7 years for development of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. The study, which was also presented at SLEEP 2023, enrolled 1203 participants from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP), with a mean age of 80 years 77% of the selected subjects were female. Elderly people who nap in the morning and not at other times of the day are twice more likely to develop dementia due to Alzheimers disease, according to a recent study published in the journal Sleep.
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